The hottest paper industry is facing resource cris

The paper industry is facing a resource crisis

in recent years, China's paper industry has formed three major paper industry clusters - the Pearl River Delta cluster, the Yangtze River Delta cluster and the Bohai Rim cluster. With the rapid development of the paper industry and the rapid expansion of production capacity, Guangdong has become a pillar industry in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and other provinces, so that the experimental mode and the whole experimental process can be controlled according to people's will

however, various signs show that the resource crisis is approaching the paper industry cluster. Some industry experts worry that the increasing production capacity will inevitably form a strong competition for the limited water, raw materials and other resources in the cluster, which should be paid enough attention by enterprises

resources restrict the development of industrial clusters

nationwide, the provinces with paper and paperboard output of more than 1million tons in 2003 include Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Henan, Jiangsu, Hebei, Fujian, Hunan and Sichuan, with a total output of 34.02 million tons, accounting for 83% of the total national paper and paperboard output. In 2003, the output of paper and paperboard in 12 provinces (autonomous regions) and cities in the eastern region accounted for 72.5% of the total output of the country, an increase of 0.5% over the previous year; The proportion of nine provinces (districts) in the central region was 21.8%, a decrease of 0.2% over the previous year; The proportion of nine provinces (autonomous regions) and cities in the western region was 5.7%, a decrease of 0.3% over the previous year

judging from the completion of the output of paper and paperboard in all provinces and the changes in the layout of papermaking regions, the eastern region has become the main production base of China's paper industry, and the production concentration has become higher and higher

while industrial clusters play an important role in the large-scale and modern development of the paper industry, a problem that cannot be ignored has also been exposed, that is, the formation of an adverse situation of resource shortage. For example, Shandong Province, a major province in China's paper industry, accounts for about 47% of the province's water consumption. In 2003, the water consumption was 430million cubic meters. Shandong Province is in serious shortage of water resources, with a per capita share of 344 cubic meters, accounting for only one sixth of the national per capita share. The main restriction factor for the sustainable development of Shandong paper industry is the shortage of water resources. At present, the substantial increase in water charges will undoubtedly have an impact on the economic benefits of Shandong paper industry

in the past two years, due to the rapid growth of the production capacity of Shandong paper industry and the limited raw material resources of wheat straw, the price of wheat straw in Shandong Province almost doubled in 2003. What makes enterprises complain more is that these wheat straw are not only poor in quality, high in moisture, but also full of impurities. Many enterprises in Shandong have to buy wheat straw in large quantities in Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Hebei and other provinces, and even reed in the northeast, which increases costs and affects economic benefits. In addition, for the paper industry, which is a major energy consumer, the efficiency of the paper industry is further restricted by factors such as energy tension, rising prices, and rising prices of raw materials

establish an elimination mechanism to alleviate resource pressure

experts believe that in order to make industrial clusters develop healthily, we must make good use of the two elimination mechanisms. The first is the market natural elimination mechanism, and the second is the elimination mechanism formed by government policy intervention. In 2003, China's paper industry was hit by the tight supply of fiber raw materials, coal and oil and the sharp rise in the price of raw materials. The production cost of enterprises has risen sharply, but the sales price of products has been difficult to increase, and the profit space has been reduced. The invisible hand of the market naturally starts the survival of the fittest mechanism

in addition to market behavior, relevant government departments have introduced environmental protection and other policies, and are also strengthening the elimination of small paper mills. In recent years, in order to solve the pollution problem of the Huaihe River, Henan Province in the upper reaches of the Huaihe River has closed more than 20 paper-making enterprises that fail to meet the environmental protection standards; In order to reduce the structural pollution of raw materials, Shandong Province has closed more than 40 wheat straw pulping production lines, and encouraged large enterprises to engage in ecological paper industry

the long-term goal of the development of China's paper industry can be summarized in the words of experts from the State Environmental Protection Administration: "the paper industry is not a polluting industry, but an industry conducive to the ecological environment." Using the visible hand of government regulation, China has put forward higher requirements for the construction of ecological environment for the paper industry

how to solve the resource shortage caused by the paper industry cluster? Experts believe that, on the one hand, when approving large-scale papermaking projects, relevant departments must give full consideration to raw materials and water in combination with local realities; On the other hand, enterprises should do a good job in the ecological recycling of raw materials

in recent years, countries with developed paper industry have followed the path of ecological recycling of raw materials. The so-called recycling refers to the large recycling of forest paper and the small recycling of waste paper. These two cycles constitute a complete chain for the recycling of paper raw materials, which ensures the sustainable development of the paper industry

during the Eighth Five Year Plan period, some papermaking enterprises in China considered being close to virgin forests in site selection. Later, the national policy of banning deforestation was introduced, and these enterprises suffered the bitter fruit of decision-making adjustment - they collapsed one after another

according to experts, recycling 1 ton of waste paper can produce 0.8 tons of good paper, cut 17 trees less, save 3 cubic meters of landfill space, save more than half of the papermaking energy of the oil delivery valve and oil return valve of a hydraulic universal experimental machine, and reduce water pollution by 35%. If 14million tons of waste paper can be recycled every year, 11.2 million tons of good paper can be produced, 238million trees can be cut down, and 42million cubic meters of landfill space can be saved. At present, the recycling rate of waste paper in China is only 30%, that in Japan is more than 78%, and that in Germany is 83%. The recycling rate of old newspapers and magazines in Finnish cities is the same, and the raw materials required for unfamiliar products are almost 100%

experts pointed out that at present, the use of raw materials in China's paper industry only stays on the concept of big cycle. Because the first batch of paper forests in China has not yet been cut down, and the area of forest cultivation is limited, which can not meet the needs of the paper industry. Therefore, China's paper industry must take the path of recycling raw materials, and truly implement the concept of large cycle on the basis of improving small cycle, which is the guarantee for the sustainable development of paper industry

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